What is hypertension?
Hypertension is a level of blood pressure that when lowered by drugs predicts benefits.
Normal BP
Systolic Blood pressure < 120mm of Hg & Diastolic Blood pressure <80mm of Hg
Elevated BP
Systolic Blood pressure 120-129mm of Hg & Diastolic Blood pressure <80mm of Hg
Hypertension Stage-1
Systolic Blood pressure 130-139mm of Hg & Diastolic Blood pressure 80-89mm of Hg
Hypertension Stage-2
Systolic Blood pressure >140mm of hg & Diastolic Blood pressure >90mm of hg
Joint National committee (JNC) Classification
Causes
Complications
Nephrologist ?
Treatment
Causes
Causes of Hypertension
1. Essential - no cause2. Secondary Hypertension – can be due to associated disease
a. Kidney Disease
b. Renovascular disease
c. Thyroid disease
d. Pheochromo cytoma
e. Primary aldostermism
f. Drug related
g. Cushings syndrome
Complications
Complications of untreated Hypertension
1. Heart attack2. Angina
3. Brain stroke
4. Dementia
5. Target organ damage
6. Retinal Bleeding
Nephrologist ?
When to see Nephrologist ?
1. Once high Bp detected2. Hypertension in young person
3. Associated Kidney disease
Treatment
1. Medical management
2. In few secondary form of hypertension surgery may be required.
2. In few secondary form of hypertension surgery may be required.